Nootropic / Brain Health
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Research Overview
Nootropic Peptides Comparison
A high-level, research-focused comparison of widely discussed cognitive peptides.
⚠️
Educational / research use only — not medical advice.
These compounds are not FDA-approved for cognitive enhancement. Long-term human data are limited.
These compounds are not FDA-approved for cognitive enhancement. Long-term human data are limited.
Strong Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Limited Evidence
Moderate Evidence
Mechanism
- ACTH-derived peptide; enhances neuroplasticity pathways.
- May increase BDNF expression and stress resilience.
Potential Uses
- Attention, motivation, cognitive support.
- Stroke recovery (regional clinical use).
Evidence
- Russian clinical trials; limited Western RCTs.
Safety
- Not FDA-approved; long-term risks unclear.
Moderate Evidence
Mechanism
- Modulates GABAergic signaling.
- Shows anxiolytic and anti-stress effects.
Potential Uses
- Anxiety, mood support, cognitive performance under stress.
Evidence
- Human trials in Eastern Europe; limited global data.
Safety
- Favorable short-term; long-term data sparse.
Strong Evidence
Mechanism
- Mix of neurotrophic peptides supporting neuron repair.
- Improves synaptic plasticity and neuronal function.
Potential Uses
- Dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury research.
Evidence
- Multiple RCTs show cognitive improvement.
Safety
- Generally well tolerated; injection only.
Limited Evidence
Mechanism
- Potent synaptogenic activity via HGF signaling.
Potential Uses
- Neurodegeneration & cognitive decline research.
Evidence
- Strong rodent data; very limited human evidence.
Safety
- Theoretical cancer-risk concerns due to growth-factor pathways.
Limited Evidence
Mechanism
- EDR tripeptide with antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
Potential Uses
- Healthy aging and cognitive resilience.
- Longevity-oriented peptide rotation programs.
Evidence
- Mostly Russian research; limited modern trials.
Safety
- Generally gentle; long-term human data limited.
Moderate Evidence
Mechanism
- Boosts BDNF/NGF; antioxidant and neuroprotective effects.
Potential Uses
- Learning, memory, mild cognitive impairment research.
Evidence
- Mainly Russian clinical data; few Western trials.
Safety
- Generally mild side effects; not FDA-approved.
Nootropic Peptide Comparison Overview
This table provides an educational comparison of commonly discussed nootropic peptides and neurotrophic agents. None are general consumer nootropics, and regulatory status varies by region.
| Peptide / Compound | Primary Focus | Mechanism Highlights | Evidence Level | Key Risks / Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dihexa | Experimental neuroregeneration | Potent HGF/c-Met activator; may stimulate synaptogenesis and connectivity. | Preclinical only | Theoretical cancer/overgrowth risks; extremely limited human data; very experimental. |
| Semax | Focus, memory & neuroprotection | Boosts BDNF, modulates dopamine & cholinergic systems; promotes neuroplasticity. | Moderate human data (Russia/Eastern Europe). | Possible overstimulation, mood/sleep changes; purity varies in research products. |
| Selank | Calm focus & anxiety support | Modulates GABA & serotonin pathways; reduces stress response; nootropic-anxiolytic hybrid. | Some human data (Russia/EE), less than Semax. | Generally mild; still experimental outside approved regions. |
| Pinealon | Brain aging & antioxidant support | Tripeptide bioregulator (EDR); reduces oxidative stress and supports neuron survival. | Mostly preclinical + limited Russian bioregulator data. | Limited long-term human evidence; purity varies in research-grade products. |
| Cerebrolysin | Stroke, TBI & dementia rehab | Neurotrophic peptide mixture; supports neuronal growth, repair & BDNF pathways. | Strongest human data (stroke, TBI, cognitive impairment). | Requires IM/IV; possible infusion reactions; regulated differently by country. |
Summary: Semax, Selank, and Cerebrolysin have the strongest real-world use and data.
Pinealon has promising longevity-oriented mechanisms with lighter evidence.
Dihexa remains the most potent but also the highest-risk and least studied in humans.
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